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Overview: Solomon’s seal is the name for various plant species in the polygonatum group. It is available as a supplement that is made from the underground stem of the plant. People take Solomon’s seal for various health reasons, but its benefits are not well defined, and evidence in humans is limited. Before taking Solomon’s seal, make sure to tell your health care provider about any health conditions you have or medicines you are taking.

Uses

What is Solomon’s seal used for?

Solomon’s seal (polygonatum) is used for various reasons, but its benefits are not well defined. Some common reasons for taking Solomon’s seal include the following.

  • General wellness to help with tiredness, weakness, and the effects of aging
  • Joint support
  • High blood sugar levels
  • Cough and lung symptoms
  • Digestion and upset stomach
  • Brain health and memory

Note: The FDA has not reviewed Solomon’s seal for safety and effectiveness. Learn more about dietary supplements here.

How does Solomon’s seal work (mechanism of action)?

Solomon’s seal is the common name for various plant species in the group polygonatum, which is part of the asparagus family. The rhizome, or underground stem, is the part used to make supplements. The rhizome naturally contains many chemicals. The main ones studied are polysaccharides (a type of natural sugar), steroidal saponins, and flavonoids.

In laboratory and animal studies, polysaccharides and saponins from Solomon’s seal seemed to help lower blood sugar levels. They seem to slow the digestion of carbohydrates and may help the body respond better to insulin, a hormone that controls blood sugar.

In animal studies, the polysaccharides have also been studied for brain-protecting effects. They seem to lower inflammation in the brain and act as antioxidants, which means they may help protect cells from damage. This may explain why there is interest in using Solomon’s seal for general wellness and memory.

However, the benefits of Solomon’s seal are not well defined. Most of what is known comes from laboratory research, animal research, and traditional use. Evidence in humans is limited.

Herbal products, such as Solomon’s seal, naturally contain many different chemicals. The amounts of each chemical in a specific Solomon’s seal product may vary. Some, none, or all of these chemicals may have effects on the body. These effects may change depending on how much of each chemical is found in the product you are using.

How should I store Solomon’s seal?

You should store Solomon’s seal according to the product label. Most dietary supplements should be kept in a cool, dry location that is out of the reach of children and pets and not in direct sunlight.

Side Effects

What are the most common side effects of Solomon’s seal?

The most common side effects of Solomon’s seal are listed below. These side effects may vary depending on the dose you are taking or the specific product you are using. These side effects have mostly been linked to taking large doses of Solomon’s seal or using it for a long time. Tell your health care provider if you have any of these side effects that bother you.

  • Upset stomach
  • Nausea
  • Diarrhea

There may be other side effects of Solomon’s seal that are not listed here. Contact your health care provider if you think you are having a side effect of a supplement. In the U.S., you can report side effects to the FDA at www.safetyreporting.hhs.gov or by calling 888-SAFEFOOD (888-723-3366). In Canada, you can report side effects to Health Canada at www.health.gc.ca/medeffect or by calling 866-234-2345.

What are the serious side effects of Solomon’s seal?

While less common, the most serious side effects of Solomon’s seal are described below, along with what to do if they happen.

Severe Allergic Reactions. Solomon’s seal may cause allergic reactions, which can be serious. Stop taking Solomon’s seal and get help right away if you have any of the following symptoms of a serious allergic reaction.

  • Breathing problems or wheezing
  • Racing heart
  • Fever or general ill feeling
  • Swollen lymph nodes
  • Swelling of the face, lips, mouth, tongue, or throat
  • Trouble swallowing or throat tightness
  • Itching or skin rash
  • Bumps on the skin called hives that can be red, pink, white, or brown depending on your skin tone
  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Dizziness, feeling lightheaded, or fainting
  • Stomach cramps
  • Joint pain

Warnings & Precautions

Who should not use Solomon’s seal?

Allergies to Ingredients. People who are allergic to any of the following should not take Solomon’s seal.

  • Huang Jing
  • King Solomon’s seal
  • Polygonatum species
  • Solomon’s seal
  • Yu Zhu
  • Any of the ingredients in the specific product

Your pharmacist can tell you all of the ingredients in the specific Solomon’s seal products they stock.

What should I know about Solomon’s seal before using it?

Solomon’s seal is a dietary supplement. It cannot be marketed to treat or cure a disease.

Solomon’s seal is available in many forms. Common forms include capsules, dried rhizome, teas, powders, and liquid extracts (tinctures). Read and follow the directions on the specific product you are taking, or take it as recommended by your health care provider.

The berries of the Solomon’s seal plant are poisonous. Do not eat the berries. Only use products made from the rhizome (the underground stem), which is the part used in supplements. The raw, unprocessed rhizome can be harmful and is usually dried or otherwise prepared before use. Use only prepared products, and follow the directions on the label.

Solomon’s seal may be made from different polygonatum plant species. Each species contains different chemicals that may have different effects on the body. It is important to read the product label to confirm which plant was used to make that product.

Keep Solomon’s seal out of the reach of children.

Solomon’s seal can look similar to another plant called lily of the valley (Convallaria majalis), which is poisonous and can cause serious heart problems. If you grow or gather your own plants, make sure you can tell them apart. Only use commercially prepared products from a trusted source.

Herbal products, such as Solomon’s seal, naturally contain many different chemicals. The amount of each chemical in a specific Solomon’s seal product can change for many reasons, including the area where the plant was grown, the weather during growth, the time of year when it was harvested, and the way that the plant was processed after it was harvested. If you switch to a new bottle or a different brand, you may not have the same effects or side effects because of this variability. Talk to your health care provider if you have questions or concerns.

The FDA has not tested Solomon’s seal products to confirm that they contain the ingredients stated on their labels. Some dietary supplements have been tested by third-party organizations to confirm that they contain the ingredients listed on their labels and do not contain any harmful chemicals. Learn more about how to choose a safe dietary supplement product here.

What should I tell my health care provider before using Solomon’s seal?

Tell your health care provider about all of your health conditions and any prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, vitamins/minerals, herbal products, and other supplements you are using. This will help them know if Solomon’s seal is right for you.

In particular, make sure that you discuss any of the following.

Current and Past Health Conditions. Tell your health care provider if you have or have had any of the following.

Other Medicines and Supplements. Before taking Solomon’s seal, tell your health care provider about any prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, vitamins/minerals, herbal products, and other supplements you are using. See the Interactions section for more details.

Pregnancy. It is not known if or how Solomon’s seal could affect pregnancy or harm a fetus. Tell your health care provider if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.

Breastfeeding. It is not known if Solomon’s seal passes into breast milk. Tell your health care provider if you are breastfeeding or plan to breastfeed.

Interactions

Does Solomon’s seal interact with foods or drinks?

There are no known interactions between Solomon’s seal and foods or drinks.

It is unknown if drinking alcohol will affect Solomon’s seal.

Does Solomon’s seal interact with medicines (drug interactions)?

Always tell your health care provider about any prescription or over-the-counter (OTC) medicines, vitamins/minerals, herbal products, and other supplements you are using so they can watch for any potential interactions.

In particular, make sure that you discuss if you are taking any medicines for diabetes, such as glimepiride (Amaryl), glipizide (Glucotrol), insulin, or metformin (Glucophage, Glumetza, and others).

The interactions between Solomon’s seal and medicines are not fully understood. As with most dietary supplements, the research on drug interactions with Solomon’s seal is incomplete. Always check with your health care provider before taking Solomon’s seal with any medicines.

Overdose/Missed Dose

What should I do if I accidentally use too much Solomon’s seal?

If you or someone else has used too much Solomon’s seal, get medical help right away, call 911, or contact a Poison Control center at 800-222-1222.

Solomon’s seal is available in various forms, such as capsules, dried rhizome, teas, powders, and liquid extracts (tinctures). Taking more than the amount listed on the product label does not improve results and may cause diarrhea, upset stomach, nausea, or vomiting. Remember that the berries of the plant are poisonous and should never be eaten.

Read the product label closely, and speak with a health care provider about how to take Solomon’s seal safely. Do not take double or extra doses, even if you miss a dose.