If your dog has bloody diarrhea with a jelly-like consistency, they may have Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea Syndrome or AHDS (formerly called hemorrhagic gastroenteritis). Other signs of the condition include lethargy and vomiting.
Diarrhea is one of the most common reasons pet parents take their furry friends to the vet. But not every case of diarrhea requires a visit to the vet. If your dog is doing regular physical activity, is eating fine, and appears bright, you don't necessarily have to take them to a vet.
But if the symptoms become severe or last beyond 24 hours, you should schedule a visit to the vet.
Because AHDS dehydrates your dog rapidly, it's essential to seek medical attention right away. Pets with HGE may become extremely sick in just 12 hours. If proper treatment is not provided, they may go into shock or even die.
What Is AHDS in Dogs?
Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea Syndrome is diarrhea in dogs that is characterized by a jelly-like consistency and a large amount of black or red blood.
All dogs are prone to developing HGE, regardless of their age, size, and breed. But small dogs are at a higher risk. Dogs who have a medical history of stomach sensitivity are also more likely to experience HGE frequently.
What Are the Causes of Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea Syndrome in Dogs?
There are a lot of things not known about how AHDS occurs, but it is believed to be the result of infection with or hypersensitivity to Clostridium perfringens, a bacterium that is normally found in their gut.
These bacteria can produce several toxins and enzymes, which in turn can damage the lining of the intestine and the underlying blood vessels.
It's essential to know that dogs who are affected once may be more likely to experience the condition in the future.
What Are the Symptoms?
Acute hemorrhagic diarrhea syndrome in dogs progresses rapidly, so you'll start seeing the symptoms in your dog quickly, including:
- Diarrhea containing gut lining and blood
- Vomiting (may also contain blood)
- Pale gums
- Reduced appetite
- Low energy levels or lethargy
The health of dogs with HGE deteriorates quickly. You should take your dog to a vet right away if they are exhibiting the symptoms of HGE.
How Is Acute Hemorrhagic Diarrhea Syndrome in Dogs Diagnosed?
Your vet will diagnose your dog with AHDS by conducting a packed cell volume (PCV) blood test. If the test results show a level higher than 55%, it's a sign of concern. The normal level of the PCV/HCT is 37% to 55%.
The vet may also perform other diagnostic tests, such as fecal testing and X-rays, to rule out other conditions that cause similar symptoms. These include pancreatitis and parvovirus.
What Is the Treatment for AHDS?
Dogs with AHDS often have to be hospitalized. The vet will administer large amounts of fluids to your dog through an intravenous catheter. Your canine friend will also be given antibiotics and medications to prevent nausea. Probiotics are commonly used.
After performing fluid therapy, which is the transfer of fluids to your dog's body, the vet will monitor your dog's PCV and electrolyte levels.
Intravenous fluid therapy is essential in the treatment of dogs with AHDS. If your dog is not given aggressive fluid therapy, they will become more dehydrated, which can lead to an increasing PCV and eventually a thickening of the blood. Over time, the blood could become so thick that its flow slows down in the blood vessels and your dog could develop sepsis.
If the disease progresses to this stage, your dog may develop disseminated intravascular coagulation. This is a clotting disorder that could potentially be fatal because it's often impossible to reverse. If your dog is showing symptoms of AHDS, you should take them to a vet right away.
