Brain and Nervous System Medical Reference

Vertebrobasilar insufficiency is a condition where arteries leading to your brain are clogged. Learn more about this condition and its symptoms today.

Psychoneuroimmunology is the study of how your brain and immune system interact. Learn how this works and what it may mean for your health.

Learn what cognitive tests are, what symptoms might prompt a cognitive test, what the results mean, and what it is like to get a cognitive test done.

Learn about the history of the ganzfeld experiment and how your brain reacts to sensory deprivation.

Learn about selective listening, how it works, and how to improve your skills.

Arachnoid cysts are fluid-filled brain cysts that you can be born with or that develop later on. Learn more about the causes, symptoms, and treatment.

Learn what a cerebral herniation is, how to spot one, how to treat one, and more.

What you need to know about CSF oligoclonal bands tests, the reasons for the tests, and what the test results may indicate.

Learn what athetosis is and how it affects movement. Find out its causes, symptoms, possible complications, and the treatment options available.

Sensory memory is a short memory provided by the five senses. Learn more about it, what to expect, and more.

Wernicke’s aphasia is when you can’t understand words. Learn more about what causes it, what to expect, and more.

Proprioception is your body’s ability to sense movement and action. Learn more about the causes, symptoms, and treatments for proprioception disorder.

Agnosia is when you don't recognize objects or people. Learn about the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for this condition today.

Learn what hyperosmia is, how it affects your sense of smell and taste, and risk factors.

Learn what happens when nerve damage causes your automatic reflexes to no longer function.

Learn about neurogenic shock, what causes it, and how to treat it.

Find out what you need to know about concrete thinking and how it develops at different life stages.

Choreoathetosis is when a disorder causes involuntary fidgeting and movement. Learn about the causes, symptoms, and treatment options for this condition today.

Find out what you need to know about a cerebral angiogram, and discover the pros, cons, risks, and benefits, and how it may affect health.

The frontal lobe is the part of the brain that controls speech, language, and motor skills. Learn more about what it is and how it can impact your health.

Nuchal rigidity refers to neck stiffness caused by bacterial meningitis and other serious medical conditions. Learn more about what causes it, what to expect, and more.

Learn about beriberi, including its causes, symptoms, and when it can potentially be dangerous.

Aphasia is a language disorder that affects how you speak and understand language. Learn about what causes it, symptoms of aphasia, and more.

Lean about craniectomy, a type of brain surgery that reduces pressure on the brain.

Find out what you need to know about speech impairments, the different types, and how they can affect your life.

Find out what scientists know about ticklish feet and health problems that may happen with this condition.

Learn about smelling salts, including if they’re safe, pros, cons, and if there are benefits to them.

Find out about the echoic memory part of memory, its functions, and how it impacts your life.

Find out what you need to know about VP shunts and discover their risks and benefits, how they work, and what the surgery is like.

Find out the differences between the left and right brain, and discover the functions, myths, and truths about what they do.

Causes of hyperesthesia, treatment, prevention, and how to manage it.

Cerebral Venous Sinus Thrombosis (CVST) is a type of blood clot that forms in your brain. The clot can cause a brain bleed that leads to stroke that needs immediate medical attention.

Voice banking is a process in which software takes recordings of your voice and makes a computer version that can help you communicate if you lose your ability to speak.

Discover some exercises, procedures, and home remedies to help ease symptoms and speed up your recovery from vertigo.

Physical therapy for Bell’s Palsy may help your condition improve sooner. Here are some techniques to help you get started.

If you have myasthenia gravis, you could develop a serious complication that affects your breathing. Myasthenic crisis is when your lung muscles get suddenly very weak. Find out the triggers of myasthenic crisis and what to do to get treatment right away.

When you have myasthenia gravis, it’s important to make the most of your limited energy. These tips, tools, and life hacks can help you feel stronger, longer.

Neuromyelitis optica, or NMO, is a rare disease that mostly affects your eyes and spinal cord. It’s also known as Devic's disease.

If you have acute hepatic porphyria, the proper diagnosis is crucial. Here's how that happens.

You may feel AHP in a different way than someone else. And your doctor may mistake your symptoms for another disease. Learn what to look for.

Acute hepatic porphyria is one of a group of disorders that are triggered by a buildup of natural chemicals in your body. It can cause nerve problems and other symptoms.

How you treat acute hepatic porphyria depends on your symptoms. Learn how those treatments can help you feel better and prevent attacks.

If you have spinal muscular atrophy, the symptoms you have depend on the type of the disorder you have. Learn more.

If there’s a chance you might carry the gene for spinal muscular atrophy, you can take screening tests before you try to have a baby or when you are pregnant.

Muscle weakness could be a sign of spinal muscular atrophy, which can strike all ages but is the No. 1 genetic cause of death in infants. Here's what it is and what you can do about it.

Spinal muscular atrophy is usually diagnosed with a simple blood test. If genetic testing isn’t able to confirm SMA, there are other ways to see if your child has this disease that makes muscles weak.

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) surrounds and protects your brain and spinal cord. It’s held in place by a layer called the dura mater. A hole or a tear in the dura mater can lead to a CSF leak.

Spinal muscular atrophy is sorted into types, depending on the age and development milestones reached when symptoms first start.

How your spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) changes over time depends on many things. Learn what you can expect.

If you or your child has spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), a team of many different medical professionals can help you manage your symptoms.